FLORIAN KUHLMANN ← curation & projects

2005 – 2019

the gift

The Work of Art in the Age of loss-free Mechanical Reproduction — digital collages, free originals, and a price that always doubles.

Poster clipped to a white wall: THE SPECTACLE IS CAPITAL ACCUMULATED TO THE POINT THAT IT BECOMES IMAGES

the rules

rule #1

the original image is free to download

rule #2

the price of a unique piece is always doubled

rule #3

a buyer gets the money back when the next unique piece is sold

rule #4

the last buyer gets the final tableau

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concept

an economic artwork

"The unique value of the 'authentic' work of art has its basis in ritual."
— Walter Benjamin, The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction

"The spectacle is capital accumulated to the point that it becomes images."
— Guy Debord, The Society of the Spectacle, 1967

THE GIFT is a long-term project about original, copy and value in the digital sphere. Its digital collages — remixes built from material found on the net — were published online under a Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-SA), each on its own domain, each with the original file free to download. The screen is the canvas; the countless small images collected on the net are the paint.

Where painting derives value from scarcity, digital work can be reproduced without loss — as often as there are screens in the world. THE GIFT abandons artificial scarcity and replaces it with a rule set: the original is a gift, but whoever insists on owning a unique piece enters an art game. The price of every unique piece doubles with each sale. A buyer gets their money back when the next piece is sold — and becomes co-author, since a piece only turns unique once the buyer co-determines and co-signs it. Openness and speculation, generosity and market logic, run in the same system.

The cycle began in 2005 with the first collage, massivestructuraloverload.de; the rule set went online as sellingthe.net in 2006. From there the work travelled through a long series of physical "configurations", and was put to its final market test in 2019 — at a gallery and at an art fair.

"Sellingthe.net turned the endless reproducibility of the digital into the artwork itself." — after Ilona Koglin, PAGE magazine 09/2008

b.l.a.s.t, Cologne — a collage on a flatscreen, framed in cardboard and tape on a white wall
b.l.a.s.t, Cologne — the digital frame: a collage on a flatscreen and a mac mini, held together by cardboard and tape.

the collages

nine works, nine domains

"The basis of my images — like the tools and the result — is digital. The monitor is my canvas; the images I use are paint and brush. These pictures are by nature bound to no medium: every copy is an original, and every original is also a copy. They can be reproduced losslessly, as often as you like, and are subject to no technical limits of edition. They are freely available on the net, released under a Creative Commons license 3.0 for any use."
— from sellingthe.net, 2006

Every collage lives on its own domain — its digital canvas — and every original is still free to download. Rule #1 never expired.

the_great_transition — digital collage

the_great_transition · 2008

spectacular_takeoverbattle — digital collage

spectacular_takeoverbattle · 2006

massive_structural_overload — digital collage

massive_structural_overload · 2005

most_excitingday — digital collage

the_most_exciting_day · 2006

still_waiting_for_the_apocalypse — digital collage

still_waiting_for_the_apocalypse · 2006

the_rising_of_the_clown — digital collage

the_rising_of_the_clown · 2007

dystopia_deathstar — digital collage

dystopia_deathstar · 2008

superblaster_escalation_power — digital collage

superblaster_escalation_power · 2010

the_new_project — digital collage

the_new_project · 2013

the configurations

how to show a gift

Between 2006 and 2019 the collages appeared in physical space as numbered "configurations" — prints, screens, sculptures, downloads, projections. Each configuration answers the same question differently: how do you exhibit a work whose original lives on the net?

no. 1 · 2006

die grosse kunstausstellung

NRW-Forum der Kunst, Düsseldorf · the classical format, once: 'Massivestructural Overload' — the first collage of the series — as a lambda print on dibond, framed as a triptych

Die Grosse Kunstausstellung Düsseldorf 2006 — Massivestructural Overload as framed triptych
no. 2 · 2006

khm rundgang / art2.0

KHM Altitude, Cologne · "die originale sind frei, die unikate schafft der markt" — the collage shown for the first time in its original state, as a digital file on a screen; the complete rule set hand-painted on panels; on the wall: SELLING THE MOST EXCITING DAY, BASISWERT 1000

KHM 2006 — screen with the collage, below it hand-written: selling the most exciting day, Basiswert 1000
KHM 2006 — the eight rules of the multiple, hand-painted on a panel
KHM 2006 — visitors reading the painted panels
no. 3 · 2007

blaues haus / keenag gallery

Puppentheater Blaues Haus, Cologne + Second Life · the doubleshow: the collages hang in Cologne while showing simultaneously in the Keenag Gallery in-world — the SL show projected back into the Cologne space, a video camera feeding Cologne back into Second Life

Blaues Haus Cologne 2007 — screens and projection of the Second Life show
View into the Keenag Gallery in Second Life through the puppet-theatre stage
no. 4 · 2007

my multiple hybridspaces

Second Life · the consequent next step after the Keenag Gallery: the entire exhibition realised in-world — vernissage, artist talks (streamed live as video into SL, moderated by avatar) and finissage all happen in digital space

my multiple hybridspaces — the collages exhibited in Second Life, avatar in the gallery
my multiple hybridspaces — exhibition view in Second Life
my multiple hybridspaces — exhibition view in Second Life
no. 5 · 2007

feldstärke

PACT Zeche Zollverein, Essen · the virtual show staged as a multimedia hybrid: a projection opens the view into Second Life while a camera feeds the Essen space back in-world — two openings, one exhibition

Feldstärke, Zeche Zollverein Essen — the Second Life vernissage projected for the audience
Feldstärke, Zeche Zollverein Essen — installation view
Feldstärke, Zeche Zollverein Essen — installation view
no. 6 · 2009

eexistence gallery

Leipzig · less technology, more concept: the digital frame — monitor and mac mini — on a brick wall, the rules from no. 2 painted beside it; for the first time the URL appears on the wall as the reference to the net

Eexistence Gallery Leipzig 2009 — the digital frame on a brick wall, the rules written in chalk
"die originale sind digital und frei / die unikate schafft der markt" — the rules, chalked onto the brick wall
no. 6.1 · 2010

b.l.a.s.t

Cologne · the digital frame, radicalised: flatscreen and mac mini held together by cardboard and tape — the display technology itself becomes sculpture

spectacular_takeoverbattle on display — flatscreen in cardboard-and-tape frame, b.l.a.s.t Cologne 2010
the digital frame on the white wall
no. 6.2 · 2012

moff magazin

edition for MOFF magazine, 6th issue 2012 — superblasterescalationpower.de printed as a download edition: the whole work is just its own URL, edition of ∞. The gift, bound into a magazine.

MOFF Magazin 2012, 6th issue — the orange download edition printed with only the URL www.superblasterescalationpower.de and 'Auflage ∞'
"edition zum Download · MOFF Magazin 2012 · 6. Ausgabe · Auflage ∞" — the page carries nothing but the address of the work.
no. 7 · 2011

abteilung für alles andere

Berlin · prints in a strict grid — plus a pedestal with a USB port: plug in a stick and every image copies itself onto it automatically

configuration no. 7, installation view, Berlin
configuration no. 7, grid of prints, Berlin
configuration no. 7, four collage prints in the exhibition space, Berlin
no. 8 · 2012

km.temporaer

Berlin · buying and selling, as written in sellingthe.net: sixteen identical images in a 4×4 grid; every purchase doubles the price and refunds the previous buyer; sold pieces leave their frames — what remains is the price. Piece by piece the grid turns into a new picture: the market inscribes itself into the work. On sale: spectacular_takeoverbattle

km.temporaer Berlin 2012 — the 4x4 grid mid-happening: emptied frames carry the values 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128
mid-happening: seven frames already emptied, their values written where the images used to be
km.temporaer Berlin 2012 — audience in front of the grid during the happening
the audience negotiating the next purchase
no. 9

the pirate bay

the collages, uploaded as a torrent — the file-sharing network as exhibition space

no. 10 · 2006

sellingthe.net, the website

the project site, online since 2006 — Benjamin and Debord as epigraphs, the rules as formula (1000 × 2x €), and the record of the first realised unique piece: sellingthe.massivestructuraloverload.1, co-signed with Peter Zimmermann, 2006

2019 – 2023

the market test & echoes

Galerie Falko Alexander and art berlin (see below) — followed by online echoes of the project through 2023

2019 · the market test

selling the new project

On 1 February 2019 the rule set finally met the actual art market: Selling the new project, a metamodern ritual and art game about selling, buying, owning, creating and speculating with art — staged at Galerie Falko Alexander, Cologne, as part of the group show ALL IN/6 with Arno Beck, Matthias Danberg, Anna Nero, Michael Reisch and Roland Schappert.

Sixteen identical hand-signed prints of the_new_project (thenewproject.de). Image no. 1 costs 2 €. The price always doubles. You get your money back if someone buys the next piece. Together — and with the power of the market — a new and unique piece is created. Or you just download it. #letsmakemoneynotart

Selling the new project, Galerie Falko Alexander, Cologne 2019
Selling the new project, installation view
Selling the new project, installation view
Selling the new project, during the happening
Selling the new project, during the happening
Selling the new project, Galerie Falko Alexander
Selling the new project — visitors at the wall of identical prints, a sold piece changing hands during the happening
Selling the new project — an embrace at the opening, a sold print carried away

installation views, Galerie Falko Alexander — an artgame as a capitalistic ritual: sold pieces leave their frames; each empty frame carries its doubled value (2 … 256), the remaining identical collages wait below.

art berlin 2019 — the artist on a chair, swapping print no. 8 for its number sheet; the wall still almost full of dystopia_deathstar prints
day one, early afternoon: the wall still almost full — the artist on a chair, swapping print no. 8 for its number.

the numbers at art berlin

Half a year later the mechanism went to the fair: at art berlin 2019 (12–15 september) the doubling sequence of the february happening hung in the booth of Galerie Falko Alexander as a wall work — and the game ran again, this time with dystopia_deathstar as the work on sale.

art berlin 2019, booth Galerie Falko Alexander — Monika Grütters on the phone in front of the numbers series, artist Dieter Jung beside her
the booth: 2, 4, 8 … 65536, X — plus the four rules and a stamp. In front of it: Monika Grütters, then Federal Government Commissioner for Culture, on the phone — next to her the artist Dieter Jung, Florian Kuhlmann's former professor.
art berlin 2019 — dystopia_deathstar prints and the framed rules on the fair floor
dystopia_deathstar editions, the rules leaning against the wall
art berlin 2019 — filling in the stamp on a sold piece: edition, price, location, artist, buyer
the ritual, in detail: filling in the stamp — edition, price, location, artist, buyer — the doubled 20-cent coins already on the table.
art berlin 2019 — the booth on the last evening, the grid at its final state
the last evening: the booth in the dark hall of Tempelhof — the game ended at 1024.

legacy

from 2ⁿ to nft

Free original, priced edition, transparent rules, the buyer as co-author — the mechanics THE GIFT tested between 2004 and 2019 are the mechanics the blockchain later made infrastructure. Since 2021 this practice continues on-chain: the drops.

press & mentions

The collages have been featured and discussed at FAZ, PAGE, designboom, Nerdcore, Gulli, Trendhunter, Lost At E Minor, Empty Kingdom, C-Heads, uFunk, artschoolvets, Bloodyloud, Picame, Diskursdisko and others.

projects — floriankuhlmann.com